BMS Application Practices in Battery Safety Management

Battery safety accidents can be broadly categorized into two types:
1. Battery System-Related Issues: Under the stimulation of internal and external electrical or thermal shock sources, energy storage batteries can experience thermal runaway, releasing a large amount of high-temperature flammable gas-liquid mixture. When this mixture encounters oxygen in the external air under suitable conditions, it can ignite or explode.
2. Other Sources Related to the Battery System: Many electrical devices and auxiliary facilities, due to aging, wear, and other reasons, can cause safety accidents, which may in turn trigger safety accidents in the battery system.

BMS Security Early Warning Function

High-speed and reliable information transmission methods

In the BMS, the slave control board collects cell voltage and temperature data via the AFE chip, and then transmits the data to the master control board via daisy-chain communication.

In daisy-chain mode, multiple SPI devices can be connected in series to form a chain, sharing the same clock and data lines. Communication data is transmitted sequentially from one device to the next, typically through a MISO connection between one device and the MOSI connection between the next device. This method reduces the number of chip select (CS) lines required.

Features:

a) Chained Connection: Devices are connected via MISO and MOSI. Data flows from the master device to the first slave device, and then sequentially to subsequent devices. Physical direct transmission compresses the information transmission cycle from 10 seconds to 0.1 seconds, significantly improving system response speed and reliability.

b) Bandwidth Limitation: Data transmission speed is affected by all devices in the link. The transmission rate decreases as the number of devices increases.

c) Signal Attenuation: Due to signal attenuation over long distances, this system is suitable for short-distance transmission.